Overview

Beta coefficients in function-on-function regression represent how the predictor function at each point affects the response function at each point. The 3D visualizations on this page allow you to interactively explore the coefficient surfaces. You can:

  • Rotate the surface by clicking and dragging
  • Zoom in and out using the scroll wheel
  • Pan the view by holding Control while dragging
  • Hover over points to see exact values

Price lag coefficients

The plots below show how the previous days’ electricity prices influence current prices throughout the day. The x-axis represents the time of day for the lagged price, while the y-axis represents the time of day for the current price.

Figure 1: Beta coefficient for the one day lagged price.

Figure 2: Beta coefficient for the two days lagged price.

Figure 3: Beta coefficient for the one week lagged price.

Load forecast coefficients

The plots below show how the forecasted electricity loads influence current prices throughout the day. The x-axis represents the time of day for the load forecast, while the y-axis represents the time of day for the current price.

Figure 4: Beta coefficient for the forecasted electricity load.

Figure 5: Beta coefficient for the one day lagged forecasted electricity load.

Figure 6: Beta coefficient for the one week lagged forecasted electricity load.

Wind and solar forecast coefficients

The plots below show how the forecasted wind and solar generation influence current prices throughout the day. The x-axis represents the time of day for the generation forecast, while the y-axis represents the time of day for the current price.

Figure 7: Beta coefficient for the forecasted wind and solar generation.

Figure 8: Beta coefficient for the one day lagged forecasted wind and solar generation.

Figure 9: Beta coefficient for the one week lagged forecasted wind and solar generation.